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Instant-runoff voting (IRV)

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Put the options in order of preference, with your top choice first. Start by counting each voter’s first choice. If no option has more than half the votes, eliminate the option with the fewest. Each of its voters’ ballots then counts for the next option on that ballot that has not been eliminated.

Repeat until a remaining option has a majority. The original rankings supply the backup choices, so voters do not need to submit another ballot.

Count the rankings with instant runoff
Nine voters, grouped by how they ranked the options
VotersFirst choiceSecond choiceThird choice
4ParkCinemaMuseum
3MuseumCinemaPark
2CinemaMuseumPark
Park4 votes
Cinema2 votes
Museum3 votes

No option has the five votes needed for a majority.

Each dot is one voter. Purple votes began with Cinema.

How backup choices count

Your second choice cannot take your vote away from your first. It receives your vote only after your first choice is eliminated, and only if it is still in the count. Each ballot supports one option at a time.

The order of elimination matters. An option that is many voters’ second choice can still be eliminated early if it has too few first choices. Once eliminated, it cannot receive later transfers. Condorcet voting takes a different approach by comparing every pair directly.

Host this vote

Voters rank every option. If options tie for the lowest count, a random priority shown before voting determines which is eliminated first. If all remaining totals are equal, the room reports a tie.

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